Learning PathModule

Data structure

Learn how Zones relate to Shipping Methods and shipping rates.

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After completing this page, you should be able to:

  • Describe the relationships between Zones, Shipping Methods, and shipping rates.

Shipping is a core part of how you model fulfillment in Composable Commerce. It is a crucial step in providing a good shopping experience, and with Composable Commerce, it's possible to handle a diverse range of shipping options.

On this page, we describe the relationships between Zones, Shipping Methods, and shipping rates in Composable Commerce, and how they can map to carrier shipping options. Understanding these relationships will help you design a shipping model before you configure it.

Zones

In Composable Commerce, a Zone is a grouping of countries or states that you use to scope shipping rates. Zones are commonly created to span business regions (APAC, EMEA, LATAM, etc.), continents, or even distance from a particular location such as a distribution center.

Here we can see a representation of a Zone which contains two countries:

Composable Commerce Representation of a Zone which contains two countries
For technical details on how Zones affect Shipping Method matching and shipping rate selection, see Shipping and Delivery Overview. For Merchant Center procedures, see Project Settings.
  • Each Project has a soft limit of 100 Shipping Zones.
  • A country can only belong to one Zone at a time.

When you think about how to group countries into Zones, it is important to consider how your shipping carrier's options, including rates, relate to locations. For example, in larger countries, you may choose to create Zones for specific states or areas that have higher shipping costs.

Shipping Methods & Rates

Now that we understand the concept of Zones, we can talk about Shipping Methods.
A Shipping Method represents a fulfillment option such as Standard, Express, or Collect in Store, together with the associated costs for each option. For the canonical definition and runtime behavior, see Shipping Methods and Shipping and Delivery Overview.

Before you create a Shipping Method, you'll need to first configure at least one Zone within Composable Commerce. While a Shipping Method can have multiple Zones, each individual Zone can be referenced only one time per Shipping Method.

Each Project has a soft limit of 100 Shipping Methods.
Within each Zone, you can add currency-specific shipping rates. A shipping rate is the price configuration inside a Shipping Method for a specific Zone and currency, for example, 5 EUR. You can use each currency within a Zone Rate, one time. For the reference definition, see Shipping and Delivery Overview.

Example

Let's say that we have a Zone called EU Trade West, which contains the countries Germany, France, and Denmark. We also have a second Zone called UK, which contains the United Kingdom.
In this case, we can create a Shipping Method called Standard Home Delivery and add individual shipping rates for each Zone:
  • Inside the EU Trade West Zone, we can add a shipping rate for Germany and France in EUR and a shipping rate for Denmark in DKK.
  • Inside the UK Zone, we can add a shipping rate for GBP (United Kingdom).
In some countries, the cost and availability of shipping may vary dramatically based on the delivery location. In these cases, you can define different delivery rates and options within a single Zone using Shipping Method predicates. We will cover these options a bit later in the module.
Representation of a Shipping Method containing two Zones

Shipping rates are defined individually and not tied to a specific exchange rate. This gives you the flexibility to charge different prices, depending on your business costs. In our example, we've decided to charge more for deliveries to the UK, because it takes a bit more paperwork and effort.

Shipping rate types

In Composable Commerce, we categorize shipping rates as either fixed or tiered. This module focuses on fixed shipping rates and will not go into tiered shipping rates in detail. At this point, it’s enough for you to understand the basic difference between the two types of shipping rates.

  • Fixed (default): The price of the Shipping Method always stays the same, regardless of Cart information.
  • Tiered: The price of the Shipping Method is dynamic and its value changes based on the Cart Value, Cart Classification, or Cart Score.
If shipping needs to be calculated by an external service, then you may consider using tiered shipping rates or API Extensions.

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